In the Spanish apocalyptic science fiction film, Los Últimos Días (2013), some news reporters speculate that three recent eruptions of Mount Hekla could have caused the spreading form of agoraphobia that kills affected people who go outside. The eruption in 2000 lasted four days but caused no significant damage. In 1783, 79% of the Icelandic sheep stock were killed, probably as a result of fluorosis caused by the eruption of Lakagígar. "The Hekla, perpetually condemned to storms and snow, vomits stones under terrible noise". The requirements for a performance of Hekla include four sets of rocks hit with hammers, steel plates, anvils, sirens, cannons, metal chains, choir, a large orchestra, and organ.[51]. [12][35], The 1970 eruption of Hekla started at 9:23 pm on 5 May 1970 and lasted until 5 July. During the Middle Ages, Europeans called the volcano the “Gateway to Hell”. It is located in Iceland. Hekla stands 4,892 feet (1,491 metres) above sea level 70 miles (110 km) east of Reykjavík, the capital, at the eastern end of the island’s most extensive farming region. By the second day, the activity stopped in all but one fissure where the main crater formed. [39] During this eruption, a NASA DC-8 aeroplane accidentally flew through the plume with all instruments switched on, resulting in unprecedented measurement of a young volcanic plume.[40]. Random Volcano Information (interesting facts about the volcano) During the middle age in iceland, people use to call it gateway to hell. Some are very short (a week to ten days) whereas others can stretch into months and years (the 1947 eruption started 29 March 1947 and ended April 1948). It had a VEI of 3 and produced 0.2 km³ of lava covering an area of 18.5 km² and 6.6×10 7 m³ of tephra, deposited over an area of 40,000 km², mainly to the northwest of the volcano. And started hiking. [12][36], The 1981 eruption, which is regarded as being a continuation of the previous year's eruption, began at 3 am on 9 April 1981, had a VEI of 2 and produced 3×107 m³ of lava, lasting until 16 April 1981. Since 1970 the time between eruptions has been about 10 years.. The DBU Copenhagen football club Boldklubben Hekla play at Hekla Park. Since the late 20th century Hekla’s eruptions have been characterized by an explosive ash-producing phase that precedes or occurs simultaneously with fountaining or flowing lava. In To Lie With Lions, by Dorothy Dunnett, a party of merchants visiting Iceland in the year 1471 is threatened by an imminent eruption of both Hekla and Katla. Hekla Volcano in Iceland is transitional between plateau-building fissure eruptions and eruptions from a single major vent that produce a symmetrical stratovolcano. Because of its frequents eruptions Hekla has produced one of the largest volumes of lava in the world in the last thousand years, around 8 km3 and 10% of the tephra created in Iceland has come from Hekla. The eruption stopped in the south-southwest on 10 May and in Hlídargígar on 20 May, but a new fissure opened on the same day and lava flowed from this until 5 July. The Hekla 3 eruption and the ensuing volcanic winter play a large role in Stephen Baxter's alternate-history novel Bronze Winter. Creative Commons. These extended to a maximum of 4.5 km from the volcano, covering 5–6 km². By 5:30 on 6 May, the lava flow measured 4 km long. Corrections? For the first two hours, tephra was produced at the rate of 10,000 m³/s. Hekla has featured in artistic works since the time of its medieval infamy. The most active part of this ridge is a fissure about 5.5 km (3.4 mi) long named Heklugja. [12][30], A VEI 3 eruption occurred from 17 January 1991 to 11 March 1991, producing 0.15 km³ of lava and 2×107 m³ of tephra. Hekla last erupted in 2000. [34], The lava flow stopped after 13 months on 21 April, having covered 40 km2 and with a maximum depth of 100 m. The lava beds produced were mainly the ʻAʻā lava type with Pāhoehoe and lava a budella (lava tubes) areas. These were of rock types including basalt, andesite, ignimbrite and sedimentary rock. The volcano is characterized by a 3.4-mile- (5.5-km-) long fissure called Heklugjá, which is active along its entire length during major eruptions. Xenoliths formed around 2% of the material produced by the craters. This will call for a reappraisal of volcanic eruptions of the basic rock type, which up to now were generally thought not to produce large pyroclastic flows. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. 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